Glycolic Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the skin. This 7% toning solution offers mild exfoliation for improved skin radiance and visible clarity, while also improving the appearance of skin texture with continued use.

This formula contains a studied Tasmanian Pepperberry derivative to provide comforting benefits to the skin. It is further supported with inclusion of ginseng root and aloe vera for both visible radiance and soothing benefits.

Contraindications: This formula should not be used on sensitive, peeling or compromised skin. Please refer to additional sun protection note and other warnings in provided Directions.

The pH of this formula is approximately 3.6. Glycolic Acid has a pKa of 3.6 and pKa is the most important aspect to consider in formulating with acids. pKa implies acid availability. When pKa is close to pH, there is an ideal balance between salt and acidity, maximizing effectiveness of the acid and reducing irritation. Higher pH numbers in such a case would increase salt which counter-intuitively would make the formula even more irritating than if the formula was more acidic.

Notes:
1. The Tasmanian Pepperberry derivative included in this formula is of plant origin and as such will vary in colour seasonally. This colour variation may be apparent in the formula from time to time.

2. While exfoliating acids can result in quick visible benefits, we generally suggest indirect forms of skin exfoliation for a gentler approach. Please refer to NIOD's Non-Acid Acid Precursor for such a reference."